CNC machining center CNC method
There are two programming methods commonly used in CNC machining centers today: ① Simple contours – contours consisting of straight lines and arcs, directly programmed by the G code of the CNC system. ② Complex contours – three-dimensional surface contours. Use automatic programming (CAD / CAM) software to draw three-dimensional graphics on the computer, set various relevant parameters according to the surface type, and automatically generate CNC machining programs. The above two programming methods can basically meet the requirements of CNC machining. However, it is very difficult to process the contours of functional equation curves, because the early CNC systems of milling machines did not have the function of calculating functions, and the functional equation curve machining program cannot be directly compiled using G code and (lower version) CAD. /CAM software generally does not have the function of directly inputting graphics from equations. Therefore, the commonly used method for the contour of the cutting function equation curve is: according to the requirements of the drawing, calculate the coordinates of each point on the curve, and then use the straight line or arc command code to compile the program based on the calculated coordinate values. and manually enter the system for processing.
Functions:
The machining center is an efficient and high-precision CNC machine tool. The workpiece can be processed in several ways in one clamping. It is also equipped with a tool library and has the function of automatic tool change. These rich functions of the machining center determine the difficulty of programming the machining center.
The machining center can realize three or more axis linkage control to ensure that the tool can process complex surfaces. In addition to the functions of linear interpolation and arc interpolation, the machining center also has various fixed machining cycles, automatic tool radius compensation, automatic tool length compensation, graphical display of the machining process, human-machine dialogue, automatic fault diagnosis, offline programming and other functions. functions.
Machining centers are developed on the basis of CNC milling machines. The biggest difference from CNC milling machines is that the machining center has the ability to automatically change machining tools. By installing tools for different purposes in the tool magazine, the machining tools on the spindle can be changed through the automatic tool changer in one clamp. achieve various machining functions.
In appearance, machining centers can be divided into vertical, horizontal and compound machining centers. The spindle of the vertical machining center is perpendicular to the workbench. It is mainly suitable for machining plates and blanks, and can also be used for mold processing. The spindle axis of the horizontal machining center is parallel to the workbench surface. Most of its workbench is a CNC rotary table controlled by a servo motor. In one clamping of the workpiece, several machining surfaces can be processed by rotating the workbench. which is suitable for processing box blanks. The combination machining center mainly refers to the machining center which has two vertical and horizontal spindles or the spindle can change the angle by 90°, so that five surfaces of the workpiece can be processed in one clamping.
