C6132 (or C616) Components and functions of lathes.

The C6132 lathe consists of a bed, headstock, gear box, feed box, polished rod, screw rod, drawer, tool stand, bed legs and tailstock.

Lathe bed: It is the main part of the lathe. It is used to support and install various components of the lathe to ensure their relative positions, such as the bed, feed box, drawer, etc. The bed has sufficient rigidity and strength, and the surface accuracy of the bed is very high, which can ensure the correct relative position of each component. There are four parallel guides on the bed, which allow the carriage (tool rest) and tailstock to move correctly relative to the headstock. In order to maintain the surface accuracy of the bed, attention should be paid to maintenance when the lathe is running.
Headstock (spindle box): It is used to support the spindle and rotate it. The main shaft is a hollow structure. The outer conical surface of the front end is equipped with accessories such as a three-jaw chuck for clamping the workpiece. The inner conical surface of the front end is used to install the tip. The elongated hole can penetrate long bars. There is only one speed change in the spindle box of the C6132 lathe, and the spindle speed change mechanism is placed in a separate gearbox away from the spindle to reduce the impact of vibration and heat generated by the transmission parts in the gearbox on the spindle. Gearbox: The electric motor drives the pinion shaft in the gearbox to rotate. By changing the matching position of the gear (meshing) in the gearbox, different speeds are achieved, and then the motion is transmitted to the main shaft through the pulley transmission.

The feed box, also known as the tool feed box, is equipped with a speed change mechanism for the feed movement, which can adjust the feed amount and step, and transmit the movement to the polished rod or screw rod.
Polished rod and screw rod: Transmit the movement of the feed box to the sliding cage. The polished rod is used for automatic feeding in general turning and cannot be used for thread turning. The screw rod is used for thread turning.
Sliding box: Also known as sliding box, it is connected to the tool rest and is the feed control unit of the lathe. It can convert the rotary motion from the polished rod into the longitudinal or transverse linear feed motion of the turning tool. It can convert the rotary motion from the screw rod directly into the longitudinal movement of the turning tool through the “half nut”. threads. Tool holder: It is used to hold the lathe tool and make longitudinal, transverse or diagonal feed movements with it. It includes the following parts.

1. The large carriage (large tool holder, longitudinal guide plate) is connected to the carriage box, driving the lathe tool in the longitudinal direction along the bed guides with transverse guides above it.
2. The middle slide (horizontal tool holder, transverse slide) can move sideways along the guide on the large carriage and is used to turn the workpiece sideways and control the cutting depth.
3. The rotary table is fixed to the middle guide with screws. After loosening the screws, it can rotate at any angle in the horizontal plane. It has a guide for the small tool holder.
4. Small tool holder (small carriage, small guide) It controls the micro-cutting lengthwise and can move short distances along the guide on the rotary table. After the rotary table is tilted to a certain angle, the small tool holder realizes diagonal feed and the ability to rotate the taper.
5. Square tool holder It is fixed on the small tool holder and can install four turning tools at the same time. The square tool holder can be rotated by releasing the handle to move the required turning tools to the working position.

Tailstock: Installed on the bed guide. Install the tip into the tailstock bushing to support the workpiece. You can also install tools such as drills and counters to process holes in the workpiece. By moving the tailstock, you can also use it to turn the tapers. When using the tailstock, pay attention to:

1. When using the center to clamp the workpiece, the long handle in the fixed position should be tightened, and the tailstock bushing should be fixed.
2. The extension of the tailstock bushing is generally no more than 100 mm.
3. Under normal circumstances, the tailstock is flush with the end of the bed. When turning the carriage, be careful not to let the tailstock fall off the bed, which may cause an accident.